Publications
Authored Publications include the following Training and Instructional programs for the Pennsylvania State
Police and Pennsylvania Municipal Police Departments and private practice presentation:
“Formula For Survival”, a comprehensive program of Law, Department Policy, Tactics and Case Preparation
to enable the officer to “survive” street encounters as well as “court” examination and justification
requirements.
“Officer Hostage Survival”, a program designed to prepare officers for prevention of being taken hostage
as well as presenting tactics to survive possible officer hostage scenarios.
“Weapons of Violent Behavior”, a program for educators at the elementary and high school levels that
demonstrates the need to focus on the violent "behavioral ques" of persons and an awareness of
conventional and non-conventional weapons.
“First Contact”, this program demonstrates the necessity for officers to observe and respond
appropriately to verbal and non-verbal indicators of confrontation and hostility while engaging in
officer – subject contact.
“Interdiction; Contact and Cover”, a program dealing with the tactical duties of both the contact and cover
officers in an interdiction type citizen contact and interaction.
Vehicle Stops; “Tactical Approach and Observation”, a program designed for routine motor vehicle stops
and passenger contacts that promotes tactical positioning and observation of the occupants, activity and
contents of the vehicle in question during the investigation.
Testifying in Court, The Theater of the Courtroom. A course in techniques used to relate to today’s jury.
Use of Force for the Basic Cadet and Trainee. September, 2005, The Foundations of Statutory Law, Case
Law and Department policies on the application and use of force for Pennsylvania State Troopers and
Liquor Enforcement Officers.
Use of Force Continuum/Array (Wheel concept) for the Pennsylvania State Police, 2002.
Use of Force Liability and Expert Symposium/Workshop for the PSP, April 2010.
American Police Officer, A Guide for Objectively Reasonable Response and Survival, 2011 (revised 2012).
